Anal cancer is known to occur at higher rates among people with HIV than those without HIV, particularly among MSM. View new guidelines here: DHHS Anal Cancer Screening Guidelines for PWH.
Recommendations from the new guidelines to prevent HPV infection:
- HPV vaccine is recommended for routine vaccination at age 11 or 12 years.
- Administer three doses of 9-valent HPV vaccine (Gardasil 9) at 0, 1 to 2, and 6 months (AIII). Ideally, the series should have been initiated at age 11 or 12 years but may be started as early as age 9 years. The two-dose series is not recommended in people with HIV.
- For all people with HIV aged 13 to 26 years who were not vaccinated previously:
- Administer three doses of 9-valent HPV vaccine (Gardasil 9) at 0, 1 to 2, and 6 months (AIII). The two-dose series is not recommended in people with HIV.
- For people with HIV aged 27 to 45 years who were not adequately vaccinated previously:
- HPV vaccine is not routinely recommended; instead, shared clinical decision-making regarding HPV vaccination is recommended for people who may be at risk for a new HPV infection (AIII).
- For people who were adequately vaccinated with bivalent or quadrivalent HPV vaccine:
- Some experts would consider additional vaccination with 9-valent HPV vaccine, but data are lacking to define the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of this approach (CIII).
- HPV vaccination is not recommended during pregnancy (CIII).